Shakespeare’s Brilliant Use of Symbolism Essays

Shakespeare’s Brilliant Use of Symbolism Essays Shakespeare’s Brilliant Use of Symbolism Paper Shakespeare’s Brilliant Use of Symbolism Paper â€Å"To be or not to be that is the question† (Kittredge, 993). This is one of William Shakespeare’s best known and used quotes. Many who use it do not even know what piece it is taken from, or what exactly it means. It just sounds like a cool, tragic, Shakespearean quote to use to sound more intelligent. And that is the sad truth. Shakespeare’s works are filled with quotes, soliloquies, and experts, like this one, that are filled with innuendos, imagery, word choice, etc. One very important literary technique used by Shakespeare, in all of his works, is his symbolism, which portrayed Shakespeare’s life, time period, and messages he wished to get across to his audience. He also used his symbolism to satirize whomever he wished. Shakespeare’s works would not be complete without his symbolism, which is used throughout all of his works. One example of William Shakespeare’s brilliant use of symbolism can be seen in the play Macbeth. In this play Shakespeare uses symbolism to represent the overall theme of murder. The contrast of light and dark throughout the play symbolizes the good and evil that is being battled. During the time that Macbeth was written the king was associated with the sun. A sunset, then, represented the king’s death or overthrow of his rule in power. When shall we three meet again . . . and That will be ere the set of sun. (Shakespeare, Act I, Scene I, ll 1 and 5), are quotes that symbolize and foreshadow the coming death of the king. They, the witches, shall meet again when the king has been done away with. The contrast and symbolism between light and dark continues throughout the play. Stars, hide your fires; Let not light see my black and deep desires. (Act I, Scene IV, ll 50-51) symbolizes Macbeth’s step towards evil. He does not want anyone or anything to bring to knowledge his dark and evil plans. Another symbolism in the contrast of light and dark is nighttime. Whenever anything bad is occurring, or is about to occur it takes place during the dead of the night in the cover of darkness. The murders, Lady Macbeths sleepwalking, and the appearance of the witches all take place at night. Lady Macbeth’s sleeping walking shows a good contrast of the light and dark symbolism. At first she craved the darkness, but then she became afraid of it and carried a candle with her to drive away the darkness. In the line, She has light by her continually; tis her command. (Act V, Scene I ll 26-27), symbolizes her fear of the evil within the darkness. One very important symbol in Shakespeare’s Macbeth is blood in Duncan’s murder. The bloodshed represents Macbeth’s guilt and shame of the crime he has committed. After killing the king Macbeth says of the blood on his hands, As they had seen me with these hangmans hands. (Act II, Scene II, l 28). Macbeth’s guilt is portrayed after this act in that he refuses to return to the crime scene to smear the blood on the guards, because he thinks that the blood will only show his guilt and incriminate him further. Another way that the reader can tell that Macbeth is extremely uncomfortable and feeling guilty is because he immediately tries to remove the blood from his hands after killing the guards. He is very uncomfortable with the blood being on his hands, incriminating him through his guilt. Opposite of blood being a symbol of guilt, water is a symbol of purification from that guilt. After the murder of Duncan Lady Macbeth assures her husband that, A little water clears us of the deed; (Act II, Scene II, l 67). Throughout the later portion of the play Lady Macbeth repeatedly rubs her hands together, symbolizing her want and need to wash the deed from her hands. She wants to remove the â€Å"spot† physically from her hands and symbolically from her conscience, Out, damned spot! out, I say! . . . (Act V, Scene I, l 39). The water symbolizes the purification of the guilty conscience of Sir and Lady Macbeth. A common object used as symbolism throughout Shakespeare’s works are ghosts. In Hamlet the ghost that he sees is his father. Of course the ghost symbolizes his father’s death, but it also symbolizes that his father has come back for some reason. That reason, Hamlet later finds out is for revenge because his father was murdered. Ghost. â€Å"Revenge his foul and most unnatural murther. † Ham. â€Å"Murther? † Ghost. â€Å"Murther most foul, as in the best it is; But this most foul, strange, and unnatural. † (Act I, Scene V, ll 26-28). The ghost of Hamlet’s father plays a very important role in the play, as throughout the entirety of it Hamlet is trying to seek revenge for his father, which was first brought to his attention by the ghost. Another symbol used in Hamlet is the use of the word â€Å"dream† Throughout the play Hamlet is confronted with death, and his uncertainties as to the conditions of the existence of an afterlife (Rogers, 10). In his â€Å"to be, or not to be† soliloquy Hamlet questions as to whether it is worth it to live or die. He refers to death as some sort of dream that may come. He uses the reference of a dream to death because, as dreams are uncertain and often forgotten after they are through, so is death, although it is a dream that one will never be woken up from whether it be a nightmare or sweet escape. â€Å"To die to sleep No more; and by a sleep to say we end The heartache, and the thousand natural shocks That flesh is heir to. ‘Tis a consummation Devoutly to be wish’d. To die to sleep. To sleep perchance to dream: ay, there’s the rub! For in that sleep of death what dreams may come When we have shuffled off this mortal coil, Must give us pause. There’s the respect That makes calamity of so long life. (Act III, Scene I, ll 56-69). Hamlet’s uncertainty of death is felt throughout this entire soliloquy. Later in it he says, But that the dread of something after death, The undiscover’d country from whose bourn No traveler returns, puzzles the will, And makes us rather bear those ills we have Than fly to others that we know not of? (Act II, Scene I, ll 78-82). In this expert the traveler and the undiscovered country symbolizes someone traveling in death onto the unknown after life. This entire soliloquy symbolizes Hamlet’s uncertainties of death. One other example of symbolism that is used in Hamlet is a serpent. The serpent, which Hamlet’s father’s ghost refers his uncle to, represents the evil and deceit that the uncle used to get the crown. A serpent, many times in literature, represents something that is secretive, evil, and tempting, just as Lucifer, in the form of a serpent was in the garden of Eden. â€Å"Now the serpent was more crafty than any of the wild animals the Lord God had made† (Genesis 3:1). The ghost of Hamlet’s father says of his uncle, ‘Tis given out that, sleeping in my orchard, A serpent stung me. So the whole ear of Denmark Is by a forged process of my death Rankly abus’d. But know, thou noble youth, The serpent that did sting thy father’s life Now wears his crown. (Act I, Scene V, ll 35-39). And just as the serpent tempted Eve in the Garden of Eden, Hamlet’s uncle tempted his mother and very soon after Hamlet’s father’s death they were married. O wicked wit and gifts, that have the power So to seduce! won to his shameful lust The sill of my most seeming-virtuous queen. (Act I, Scene V, ll 44-46). The king had stolen from him by the â€Å" serpent†, â€Å"by a brother’s hand, of life, of crown, of queen† (ll 74-75). In Shakespeare’s Othello there are many different symbols used throughout the play. One of these symbols is sight. Throughout the play Othello bases his beliefs on what he is told and hears, instead of what he sees. Therefore sight symbolizes Othello’s lack of proof with what he sees, but actually does not see. For example, Othello believes Iago when he tells him that Cassio was given the handkerchief he had given Desdemona, by Desdamona herself. Iago. Have you not sometimes seen a handkerchief Spotted with strawberries in your wive’s hand? Oth. I gave her such a one; ‘twas my first gift Iago. I know not that; but such a handkerchief (I am sure it was you wive’s) did I to-day See Cassio wipe his beard with. (Act III, Scene III, ll 435-438). The lack of sight, or blindness is vital to the play, as each character’s confusion bleeds off of one another’s lack of proof. Othello does not see any incriminating actions that Desdemona has committed, and Emilia does not â€Å"figuratively† see what her husband has done with his twisted words and actions. Another symbol in Othello is plants. In many of Iago’s speeches he talks about fruits and plants. What they symbolize is that the characters that Iago is manipulating are plants that are slowly growing more and more twisted, and Iago is the gardener that is making sure that they get more and more twisted and stay that way. Iago. Our bodies are our gardens, to the which our wills are gardeners; so that if we will plant nettles or sow lettuce, set hyssop and weed up thyme, supply it with one gender of herbs or distract it with many either to have it sterile with idleness or manured with industry why, the power and corrigible authority of this lies in our wills. If the balance of our lives had not one scale of reason to poise another of sensuality, the blood and baseness of our natures would conduct us to most prepost’rous conclusions. (Act I, Scene III, ll 323-334). Iago, through jealousy or some other motive, most manipulates Othello: Iago. The Moor already changes with my poison. Dangerous conceits are in their natures poisons Which at the first are scarce found to distaste, But with a little act upon the blood Burn like the mines of sulphur. (Act III, Scene III, ll 325-329). Another symbol used by Iago when he is talking about Othello besides plants is animals. Many times Iago refers to Othello as a Barbary horse, an ass, and an old black ram. These are innuendos Iago uses to make fun of Othello with. It reflects a level of racism that Iago has for Othello. Iago. The Moor is of a free and open nature That thinks men honest that but seem to be so; And will as tenderly be led by th’ nose As asses are. (Act I, Scene III, ll 405-408). Also, when Iago is talking to Brabantio, Desdemona’s father, he refers to Othello: Even now, now, very now, an old black ram Is tupping your white ewe. (Act I, Scene I, ll 88-89). And also: Iago. Zounds, sir, you are one of those that will not serve God if the devil bid you. Because we come to do you service, and you think we are ruffians, you’ll have your daughter cover’d with a Barbary horse; you’ll have your nephews neigh to you; you’ll have coursers for cousins, and gennets for germans I am one, sir, that come to tell you your daughter and the Moor are now making the beast with two backs. (Act I, Scene I, ll 109-118). One very important symbol in Othello is the handkerchief. It symbolizes different things for each character. For Desdemona, the handkerchief was the first love gift that Othello ever gave her, therefore it symbolizes Othello’s love. However, Iago manipulates the meaning of the handkerchief by making Othello see it as a symbol for Desdemona herself. By doing this, when the handkerchief goes missing Othello takes it as Desdemona is also missing from his bed and is in someone else’s. Oth. That handkerchief Did an Egyptian to my mother give. She was a charmer, and could almost read The thoughts of people. She tole her, while she kept it, ‘Twould make her amiable and subdue my father Entirely to her love, but if she lost it Or made a gift of it, my father’s eye Should hold her loathly, and his spirits should hunt after new fancies. (Act II, Scene IV, ll 55-63). The handkerchief itself symbolizes what Othello’s mother used to keep his father faithful to her. The handkerchief is supposedly made from silk of sacred worms and is dyed with extracted blood from the hearts of mummified virgins. The pattern of strawberries on the handkerchief on the white background suggests that the bloodstains left on the sheets on a virgin’s wedding night, therefore the handkerchief suggests a guarantee of virginity as well as fidelity (Crowther, 47). Another, more subtle symbol is the song that Desdemona sing in act five as she is preparing for bed. The song is about a woman who is betrayed by her lover. She was taught the song by her mother’s maid, who suffered the same misfortune as the woman in the song. The lyrics of the song suggest that both men and women are unfaithful to one another. To Desdemona, this song appears to represent a sad and resigned acceptance of her alienation from Othello’s affections, and singing it leads her to question Emilia about the nature and practice of infidelity. Des. My mother had a maid call’d Barbary. She was in love; and he she lov’d prov’d mad And did forsake her. She had a song of ‘Willow. ’ An old thing ‘twas; but it express’d her fortune, And she died singing it. That song to-night Will not go from my mind. I have much to do But to go hang my head all at one side And sing it like poor Barbary. (Act IV, Scene III, ll 26-32). Another work of Shakespeare’s that contains symbolism is Romeo and Juliet. One main symbol in this play is poison. When Friar Lawrence first appears he remarks that every plant, herb, and stone has its own special properties, and that nothing exists in nature that cannot be put to both good and bad uses. Therefore, poison is not automatically evil, but when put to bad use, it becomes evil in the hands of humans. In plants, herbs, stones, and their true qualities; For naught so vile that on the earth doth live But to the earth some special good doth give; Nor aught so good but, strain’d from that fair use, Revolts from true birth, stumbling on abuse. Virtue itself turns vice, being misapplied, And vice sometime’s by action dignified. Within the infant rind of this small flower Poison hath residence, and medicine power; For this, being smelt, with that part cheers each part; Being tasted, slays all senses with the heart. Two such opposed kings encamp them still In man as well as herbs grace and rude will; And where the worser is predominant. Full soon the canker death eats up that plant. (Act II, Scene IV, ll16-30). The sleeping potion that the friar gives Juliet makes her appear dead after she inhales it, however, when Romeo sees Juliet, thinking she is dead, he drinks the poison and is killed. Poison symbolizes society’s tendency to poison good things and make them fatal, just as the Capulet-Montague feud sours Romeo and Juliet’s love into poison. Another use of symbolism in Romeo and Juliet is thumb-biting. This gesture begins a brawl between the Montagues and Capulets. Samson, by flicking his thumbnail from behind his teeth, he shows an insulting gesture, which offends the other party. It is really actually a very juvenile action, and he does it because he wants to interrogate and get into a fight with the Montagues, but at the same time doesn’t want to be accused of starting the fight. Greg. I will frown as I pass by, and let them take it as they list Samp. Nay, as they dare. I will bite my thumb at them; which is a disgrace to them, if they bear it. Abr. Do you bite your thumb at us, sir? Samp. I so bite my thumb, sir. Abr. Do you bite your thumb at us, sir? Samp. [aside to Gregory] Is the law of our side if I say ay? Greg. [aside to Sampson] No. Samp. No, sir, I do not bite my thumb at you, sir, but I bite my thumb, sir. (Act I, Scene I, ll 46-58). Because Sampson is being timid, he wants to be annoying, but not challenging. The thumb-biting seems to be a rather meaningless gesture, and represents the entire foolishness of the entire Montague-Capulet feud, and also the stupidity of violence in general. One other symbol in Romeo and Juliet is Queen Mab. In the first act Mercutio delivers a speech about the fairy Queen Mab, who rides through the night on her tiny wagon delivering dreams to sleepers. The story says that she doesn’t generally bring the best dreams, but instead shows the dreamer dreams of vices that they are addicted to. An example would be greed, violence, and lust. Queen Mab does not only represent and symbolize the dreams of sleepers, but she also symbolizes the power of waking fantasies, daydreams, and even desires. Through the imagery of the story Mercutio paints suggests that all desires and fantasies are as nonsensical and fragile as Mab, and that they are also basically corrupting. This point of view greatly contrasts with that of Romeo and Juliet, who see their love as something real and ennobling. O, then I see Queen Mab hath been with you. She is the fairies’ midwife, and she comes In shape no bigger than an agate stone And in this state she gallops night by night Through lovers’ brains, and then they dream of love; O’er courtiers’ knees, that dream on cursies straight; O’er lawyers’ fingers, who straight dream on fees; O’er ladies lips, who straight on kisses dream, Which oft the angry Mab with blisters plagues, Because their breaths with sweetmeats tainted are. Sometimes she gallops o’er a courtier’s nose, And then dreams he of smelling out a suit; And sometime comes she with a tithe-pig’s tail Tickling a parson’s nose as a’ lies asleep, Then dreams he of another benefice. Sometime she driveth o’er a soldier’s neck, And the dreams he of cutting foreign throuats, Of breaches, ambuscadoes, Spanish blades, Of healths five fadom deep; and then anon Drums in his ear, at which he starts and wakes, And being thus frighted, swears a prayer or two And sleeps again. This is that very Mab That plats the manes of horses in the night And bakes the elflocks in foul sluttish hairs, Which once untangled much misfortune bodes. This is the hag, when maids lie on their backs, That presses them and learns them first to bear, Making them women of good carriage. This is she (Act I, Scene IV, ll 53-54 and ll 70-94). The symbolism described in this paper from William Shakespeare’s plays Macbeth, Hamlet, Othello, and Romeo and Juliet are just examples of how Shakespeare uses symbolism throughout his works. While other literary techniques, such as imagery and diction, play an important role in Shakespeare’s works, symbolism plays just as great, if not a greater role in his pieces. Many times the symbols that Shakespeare used carried a theme throughout the entire work, and also, many times served as foreshadowing. Shakespeare’s life, time period in which he lived, messages he wished to portray to his audience, and people he wished to satirize all were sources in which Shakespeare derived his symbolism in his works from. Aronson, Alex. Psyche and Symbol in Shakespeare. Bloomington, London: Indiana University Press, 1972. Arthos, John. Shakespeare’s Use of Dream and Vision. Totowa, New Jeresey: Rowman and Littlefield, 1977. Faber, M. D. The Design Within, Psychoanalytic Approaches to Shakespeare. New York: Science House, 1970. The Holy Bible, Revised New International Version. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan Publishing House, 1994. Kittredge, George Lyman. Sixteen Plays of Shakespeare. Boston; New York; Chicago; Atlanta; Dallas; Columbus; San Francisco; Toronto; London: Ginn and Company, 1946 Ludowyk, E. F. C. Understanding Shakespeare. Cambridge: At The University Press, 1964. May, Robin. Who was Shakespeare? The Man The Times The Works. New York: St. Martin’s, 1974. Matthews, Honor. Character Symbol in Shakespeare’s Plays. Cambridge: At the University Press, 1962. Rowse, A. L. Shakespeare the Man. New York; Evanston; San Francisco; London: Harper Row, Publishers, 1973. Rogers, L. W. The Ghosts In Shakespeare. Wheaton, Illinois: The Theosophical Press, 1966.

Aircraft Warfare in WWI

Aircraft Warfare in WWI During the first World War,  the industrialization of the aircraft industry became entrenched as a vital piece of the modern war machine. Although it was just shy of two decades after the first airplane  was flown in the United States in 1903, by the time the WWI broke out, the military already had plans for these new means of warfare. In the years leading up to World War One, military aviation was sponsored by powerful people in government and business, and by 1909 both France and Germany had military air branches with a focus on reconnaissance and bombing. During the war, the belligerents quickly took to the air to gain an advantage. Pilots were initially sent up on missions to photograph enemy bases and troop movements so war strategists could plan their next moves, but as pilots began shooting at one another, the idea of aerial combat emerged as a new means of warfare that would someday evolve into the drone-strike technology we have today. The Invention of Aerial Combat The biggest leap forward in early aerial combat came when Frenchman Roland Garros attached a machine gun to his plane, making an attempt to synchronize with the propeller and use metal bands to deflect bullets from this vital piece of machinery. After a brief period of aerial dominance, Garros crashed and the Germans were able to study his craft. Dutchman Anthony Fokker, who was working for the Germans, then created interrupter gear to allow a machine gun to be safely shot and miss the propeller. Fierce aerial combat with dedicated fighter planes then followed. The cult of the air ace and their tally of kills was close behind; it was used by British, French, and German media to inspire their nations and none were more famous than Manfred von Richthofen, better known as the Red Baron  because of the color of his plane. Plane technology, pilot training, and aerial combat techniques all developed rapidly during the first parts of World War One, with advantage switching back and forth with each new development. Battle formation developed by around 1918, when there could be more than a hundred planes all working on the same attack plan. The Effects of the War Training was just as deadly as flying; over half of the Royal Flying Corps casualties occurred in training and, as a result, the air arm had become a recognized and highly distinguished part of the military. However, neither side ever achieved total air superiority for very long though the Germans briefly managed to cover their small base at  Verdun  in 1916 with a dominant air cover. By 1918, aerial warfare had become so important that there were thousands of planes crewed and supported by hundreds of thousands of people, all produced by a massive industry. Despite the belief- then and now- that this war was fought by individuals daring to fly for either side, aerial warfare was really one of attrition instead of victory. The effect of aircraft on the outcome of the war was indirect. They didn’t achieve victories but were invaluable in supporting infantry and artillery. Despite the evidence to the contrary, people left the war assuming that the aerial bombardment of civilians could destroy morale and end a war sooner. The German bombing of Britain- via zeppelin in 1915- failed to have any effect and the war continued anyway. Still, this belief persisted into WWII where both sides terror-bombed civilians in order to try to force a surrender.

Strategic Plan,Conceptualizing a Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Strategic Plan,Conceptualizing a Business - Essay Example It has the ability for catering of services for both females and males in the area. To ensure that clients get quality services and products; to enhance their mental relaxation and improve on their physical appearance. Being a reputable salon; that offers quality products and services at fair prices (Hormozi et al., 2002). Disney has been a leading hair stylist in the city has worked with major beauty â€Å"spas† that deals with top models and wealthy clienteles. Through the three years of experience in upscale salons Disney has been able to create a reputable name in the beauty stylish industry with a strong base of clienteles. Working with her fellow beauticians; Disney is most destined to build this business enterprise a successful undertaking. Forming from this reputation already earned this company tends to attract more clients and continue the growth of the company. Our business company is located in one of Greensted busy streets which is easily accessible to any person, thus our clienteles won’t find difficulty locating us. The environment is conducive with enough space that ensures the clients receive professional services and recreation. Our business provides quite a variety of products and services all under one roof, and we are flexible in the working hours to suit our customers’ needs. The high reputation of our staff and the owner of being able to offer quality services to suit each customer needs will earn us more new clients and strengthen the relationship with our current clients (Karlsson & Honig, 2009). The company will provide services that cater needs of the whole family setting; that are convenient to children, women and men. These diverse services are: 1) Hair services: shampoo, weaving and waving, colors, haircuts, conditioners, relaxers, curling, perms and reconstructing; 2) Skin care services: facials, massage, and body waxing. 3) Nails Services: polish, manicures,

Generate and evaluate options Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Generate and evaluate options - Research Paper Example The responsibility of deciding corporate level strategies rests on the top management. The divisional or middle level managers generally decide the business level strategies. The detailed tactics to achieve specific goals in the domain of marketing, finance, operations and HR are determined by the functional managers. Strategy A: This strategy should be pursued since the goal will be achieved with minimal capital investment. BCE’s existing 4G LTE penetration is 96 percent and a 2 percent increase is easily achievable. Furthermore, the 5 percent increase in ARPU will lead to long term profitability and growth of the company. The SMART (specific, measurable, achievable, related and time bound) KPIs enable the easy implementation and evaluation of strategies. These KPIs also provide direction and timeline to the managers to carry out the assigned tasks. The KPIs that have to be achieved by the end of 2014 will be broken down into monthly targets. Meanwhile, the KPIs that have to be achieved in the long run will be evaluated on a quarterly

Newspaper article to evaluate Essay Example for Free

Newspaper article to evaluate Essay Newspaper article to evaluate and review the purpose of faith schools in multi-faith and multicultural Britain. Faith schools in Britain are schools that teach general national curriculums but using religious principles and aims within their teaching. The extremities of these principles vary between different faiths and different schools. The term â€Å"faith schools† was first used in 1990 when Muslim institutes demanded for more freedom within education. There is approximately 7000 faith schools in Britain, almost a third of all state funded schools with around one and quarter million pupils but many ask if there is any need for such a large number of faith schools in a society that is becoming more secular. In 2006, 197 faith schools made up the 209 primary schools in the UK that achieved â€Å"perfect† results in that year’s league tables. All students reached the expected standard for 11 year olds in English, maths and science. The best school in the tables was North Cheshire Jewish primary school which offers â€Å"a traditional Jewish education†. The most improved school was St Anne’s Roman Catholic primary school whose results tripled within three years. Some would say that faith schools create a â€Å"social sorting† of children according to class, ability, religion and academics. This could be backed up by the fact that faith schools achieve higher exam results on average in the UK. However, the pupils who attend the secondary faith schools who have been to high-achieving primary schools appear to be from more well-off families. As well as this, according to a report for the Government, faith schools only achieve better results as they select the best pupils, not because of their religious ethos thus raising the question in whether if there is a need for faith schools. The Politics Show South has surveyed all the secondary schools in the region and found that 72% of pupils at the regions faith schools got five good GCSE results, as against a national average of 53. 7% getting five good GCSE results. Four out of five faith schools in the South beat the national average. A parent at the Islamia Primary School in Queens Park, North London, also sees cultural advantages for her children in faith schools. I wanted them to have a sense of pride as a Muslim but also to be following the English curriculum so that they could hopefully continue on to university and mix with everyone else. â€Å"But at the same time theyd know about Islam from a Muslim and not a Christian point of view. † As well as result statistics, faith schools are also keen on imposing discipline and teaching ethics to students. Some say that â€Å"the force of their religion and faith and the ethos of how to become a good citizen will be there all the time. † This means that students who study at these faith schools may have difficulty indulging in a crime or hating people or doing something which is not like their religious ethos. However a lot of people would agree that the rise of multi faith schools within the country would actually produce more secular societies as the rise in numbers and funding of one particular faith for schools could lead to unsettlement from other faiths. Also, single faith schools can also leave children unequipped to deal with life in mainstream Britain as only select things are taught within single faith schools. Director of National Secular society said: If they are moving from restricted communities into a single faith school, they have very little contact with those from the majority community. And then suddenly, when they are 16 they come out into the majority community for the first time and into the workplace. Im worried about the implications of that.

Politics Essay -- essays research papers

An essay on politics In this essay I will consider the social, economic factors of politics. At first glance politics may seem unenchanting, however its study is a necessity for any one wishing to intellectually advance beyond their childhood. Remarkably politics is heralded by shopkeepers and investment bankers alike, leading many to state that it is yet to receive proper recognition for laying the foundations of democracy. It still has the power to shock those politicaly minded individuals living in the past, trapped by their infamous history. Complex though it is I shall now attempt to provide an exaustive report on politics and its numerous 'industries'. Social Factors Comparisons between Roman Society and Medieval Society give a clear picture of the importance of politics to developments in social conduct. I will not insult the readers inteligence by explaining this obvious comparison any further. Back when Vealinger reamarked ‘the power struggle will continue while the great tale of humanity remains untold’ [1] he created a monster which society has been attempting to tame ever since. While the western world use a knife and fork, the Chinese use chopsticks. Of course politics is quite good. When one is faced with people of today a central theme emerges - politics is either adored or despised, it leaves no one undecided. To put it simply, people like politics. Economic Factors The dictionary defines economics as 'the social science concerned with the productio...

A Speech of Health Essay

Hello students, faculty, members of the school board, Superintendent, and parents. When I was first told that I was going to be the speaker for graduation, I was overcome. I was overcome with pride and excitement, as I’m sure we all are today as we close this chapter on our lives, but most of all, I was overcome with a feeling. A feeling that I have fooled you all into electing a Canadian to speak on this very important occasion. (Canadian Accent) I bet about now, you are all finally realizing just what it is you’ve done, eh? But it’s too late, eh? I can’t be stopped†¦. (Drape Canadian flag over top of podium) The rich history of Canada is a very long and interesting one. One that begins in the early years of. †¦ (Trail off and give a moment of thought)† **remove flag† or better yet have someone do it for you. ) Seriously though, after I got over my initial reaction, I realized that this was going to be a very difficult undertaking. So I did what any teen-age boy would do in a similar situation. I turn to my friends! see more:welcome speech for sports day I received two pieces of advice that not only helped me with the situation at hand, but I feel will be the predominant source of motivation for the next big step in my life and everything that follows thereafter. These two pieces of advice were. (Hold up palms with numbers inked on them) No. 1: Don’t Screw up! No. 2: Be Funny! Obviously after these two gems of advice, I was prepared to write a stunning and powerful speech that will remain with every one of us till the day we die. Or at least until one of the real speakers come up here and says something meaningful. It’s hard to believe that we’ll all be leaving this place finally. It is even harder to believe that from now on, we’re going to pretty much have to fend for ourselves. I think that whether we know it or not, we’ve gained a lot of the tools that we’ll need to make it out there, right here at Welch. Personally, I’ve learned some of the most important messages of my life within these hallowed halls. I’ve learned that it’s important to walk the road less traveled, because after a while, running down freshman in the packed hallways just loses some of its appeal. I’ve learned that no matter how good an idea may seem at the time, sometimes a giant metal dollar sundial that never sees the sun, could possibly be a bad idea! I’ve learned the importance of sticking strong to your ideals and not giving in to peer pressure, because we have to be ourselves, we have to think with our own mind! (look over at Mr.  Quinn) Is that good Quinn? Is, is that all right? Oh, ok. And no matter who’s doing it! Dammit! We will NOT CHEER! Finally, and probably most importantly, from the ever vigilant and all knowing administration, I’ve learned that a girl’s belly button is a dangerous and powerful thing that should be covered, feared, contained, kept from the world, for the good of all people everywhere. If you are able to decipher any sort of message out of what I’m saying today at all, it should be that life shouldn’t be taken so seriously. When we’re all off in college, or working at our jobs, or still living off of our parents, and we look back on our lives here at E-W, we’re not going to remember the tests we aced, or the classes we took, or the endless nights in front of a computer screen. But instead we’re going to remember the good times we had, the parties, the laughs we shared, but most of all, we’ll remember the people we knew. I was once told that you’re only as good as the people that you surround yourself with. Well, there is not a higher caliber of people that I would rather surround myself with then you all sitting in front of me today. I am proud to say that I was a part of the Welch Class of 2006. Don’t ever forget where you came from, and always remember all of the great and unique people that you shared your four years with, and when we all come back and see each other again for our 20-year reunion, there are going to be all sorts of surprises. By that time Charlie Guo will probably be ruling the world with an iron fist, Katherine Piercy will be the new reigning arm wrestling champion of the world. Jon Goodwin will have his very own morning talk show called â€Å"Wake up with a cup of Jon†, Kamiya Woodard will be the new host of â€Å"The Weakest Link† and rename it â€Å"Man! You don’t know what you talking about! † Eunice Song will be†¦ well, let’s be honest, there really isn’t much hope for Eunice, (turn to Eunice) Eunice I guess you should have just tried a little harder. The entire cheerleading squad will find a permanent role on the â€Å"Young and The Restless†, when the director is surprised to find that intense daytime drama comes surprisingly easy to them. Finally, as I’ve been saying for four years now, we’ll all be shaking the hand of our President of the United States†¦. Steve Brown. If you don’t remember a single word of what I’ve said up here today, just remember this: Jobs, houses, money, and success will all come and go, but the one thing that nobody can ever take away from you are the good times and good friends you have had here at E-W. So in closing, I only have one more thing to say, on request from Blair Hanberg, I leave you all with â€Å"MEOW! â€Å"

Employers’ Decision-Making based on Heuristics Essay

Employers in the United States, especially for those in the East coast or in the southern states, usually have a common way of judging their applicants based on some valuable attributes.   In this case, the applicant is a Hispanic Woman which seems to be enough to affect the employer’s decision.    Why?   Objectively speaking, it is because of her race, her possible place of origin and its â€Å"social implications†.   Such racial bias in employer decision-making can be deconstructed into a number of heuristic aspects discussed in class.   As a disclaimer, this paper strives to be objective and non-racist.   It contains only fair or probable assumptions on the possible thought patterns of employers, which are not absolute and may be proven false. Representativeness A Hispanic (Latina), even with a Master’s Degree, will not escape a social stigma perpetrated by a widespread social awareness indirectly attributed to President Bush’s policy against illegal immigrants.   The context here is based on tough U.S. actions against border crossings from Mexico to America.   American Border Guards are used to apprehending Latinos in flight, which is very much portrayed in the movie Babel (2006). Due to the significant number of illegal cross border cases by Hispanics, our Latina applicant will be viewed as such, based on some of her physical attributes (skin color, hair, and accent).   An employer who is minimally trained in psychology will surely make the mistake of considering a Latina applicant as one of those people who illegally crossed the Mexican border into the U.S. sometime in the past.   Moreover, what will influence the employer’s decision not to accept her is the U.S. Government’s penalty against those who harbor illegal aliens due to a number of government-declared risks: terrorism, smuggling, human trafficking etc. Availability The employer’s bias against the Latina can be analyzed in terms of the availability of past memories regarding the hiring of Hispanic Americans.   This employer may have experienced the assumed disadvantages of hiring Hispanics in the past.   He/she may have hired someone like her in the past year, but was not very satisfied with her performance due to a number of assumed complications like, say, she goes home to Mexico everyday thereby crossing the border.   This context is very much related to employers situated in New Mexico where a large bulk of the labor force actually reside in Mexico, and cross the border every day to show up for work. The employer may wish to avoid such â€Å"border-crossing† complications in the payroll so as not to arouse suspicion to the immigration authorities about keeping an alien in the company’s workforce.   The Human Resources Department may have collected a lot of business intelligence in the past years about a significant number of other employers hiring Hispanic Americans and the disadvantages they caused to their companies (an assumption only). If the disadvantages of a Hispanic workforce become frequent, it will naturally affect the availability of not so good memories about hiring them.   Assuming that Hispanic Women have this mean behaviour, the employer finds it hard to avoid regressing to this statistical mean behavior.   S/he may be thinking about the odds that this Latina woman will be so different from the rest.   Of course, these ideas may be far fetched, but their existence in the minds of biased employers is not impossible. Attribution and Anchoring/Adjustment The abovementioned idea assumptions on availability lead to the framework of the attribution heuristic.   The employer, through availability and representativeness, may have created his/her built-in logic on hiring: Hispanic Americans may cause immigration problems, therefore company trouble.   This self-made logic can spread to the whole Human Resources Department, especially in this case that the other manager may call the shots.    Human Resources may tend to raise its standards or benchmarks for them, thus becoming racist in its employment policy.   The whole concept of benchmarking and adjusting it for specific behaviors is the meat of anchoring and adjustment.   Assuming that employers have built the bias based on the above heuristics, they possibly could have preferences over other races (whites, Chinese, etc.) such that they lower the benchmark for the other applicants except Hispanics.   This idea is supported by the fact that our Hispanic applicant has a Master’s Degree in Marketing and is still deemed â€Å"unfit†, even with a higher educational attainment. Conclusions It is no wonder that most reputable companies fill their Human Resources Department with people who have an objective awareness of human behavior across various origins and cultures.   Recruitment committees are ideally made up of psychology graduates or behavioral science majors so they can objectively asses the fitness of applicants while limiting the determining factors of racial, socio-political, economic bias.   Also, the employers’ decisions should be affected by a sense of long term integrity of the company by building the best mix of workforce from different races and origins, without biases and the mistake of overgeneralization. Reference: [no author]. (1997). Heuristic. Retrieved January 28, 2008, from http://www.sfb504.uni-mannheim.de/glossary/heurist.htm. Baron, J. (2000). The Effects of Overgeneralization on Public Policy. Retrieved January 28, 2008, from http://www.sas.upenn.edu/~baron/overgen.pdf. Chapman, G. B. (2000). Incorporating the Irrelevant: Anchors in Judgments of Belief and Value. Retrieved January 28, 2008, from http://heuristics.behaviouralfinance.net/anchoring/ChJo00.pdf. Hilgard, E. R. (2001). Introduction to Psychology. New York : Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.   

The Benefits of Paper Recycling

The Benefits of Paper Recycling Paper recycling has been around for a long time. Actually, when you think about it, paper has been a recycled product from the very beginning. For the first 1,800 years or so that paper existed, it was always made from discarded materials. What Are the Most Significant Benefits of Paper Recycling? Recycling paper conserves natural resources, saves energy, reduces greenhouse gas emissions, and keeps landfill space free for other types of trash that cant be recycled. Recycling one ton of paper can save 17 trees, 7,000 gallons of water, 380 gallons of oil, 3.3 cubic yards of landfill space and 4,000 kilowatts of energy - enough to power the average U.S. home for six months - and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by one metric ton of carbon equivalent (MTCE). Who Invented Paper? A Chinese official named Tsai Lun was the first person to make what we would consider paper. In 105 AD, at Lei-Yang, China, Tsai Lun stirred together a combination of rags, used fishing nets, hemp and grass to make the first real paper the world had ever seen. Before Tsai Lun invented paper, people wrote on papyrus, a natural reed used by ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans to create the paper-like material from which paper derives its name. Those first sheets of paper Tsai Lun made were pretty rough, but over the next few centuries, as papermaking spread throughout Europe, Asia, and the Middle East, the process improved and so did the quality of the paper produced. When Did Paper Recycling Begin? Papermaking and producing paper from recycled materials came to the United States simultaneously in 1690. William Rittenhouse learned to make paper in Germany and founded Americas first paper mill on Monoshone Creek near Germantown, which is now Philadelphia. Rittenhouse made his paper from discarded rags of cotton and linen. It wasnt until the 1800s that people in the United States started making paper from trees and wood fiber. On April 28, 1800, an English papermaker named Matthias Koops was granted the first patent for paper recycling - English patent no. 2392, titled Extracting Ink from Paper and Converting such Paper into Pulp. In his patent application, Koops described his process as, An invention made by me of extracting printing and writing ink from printed and written paper, and converting the paper from which the ink is extracted into pulp, and making thereof paper fit for writing, printing, and other purposes. In 1801, Koops opened a mill in England that was the first in the world to produce paper from material other than cotton and linen rags - specifically from recycled paper. Two years later, the Koops mill declared bankruptcy and closed, but Koops patented paper-recycling process was later used by paper mills all over the world. Municipal paper recycling started in Baltimore, Maryland, in 1874, as part of the nations first curbside recycling program. And in 1896, the first recycling center opened in New York City. From those early efforts, paper recycling has continued to grow until, today, more paper is recycled (if measured by weight) than all of the glass, plastic, and aluminum combined. How Much Paper Is Recycled Every Year? In 2014, 65.4 percent of the paper used in the United States was recovered for recycling, for a total of 51 million tons. Thats a 90 percent increase in the recovery rate since 1990, according to the American Forest Paper Association. Approximately 80 percent of U.S. paper mills use some recovered paper fiber to produce new paper and paperboard products. How Many Times Can the Same Paper Be Recycled? Paper recycling does have limits. Every time paper is recycled, the fiber becomes shorter, weaker and more brittle. In general, paper can be recycled up to seven times before it must be discarded. Edited by Frederic Beaudry

How to Overcome University Essay Writers Block

How to Overcome University Essay Writers Block How to Overcome University Essay Writers Block When someone experiences â€Å"writer’s block,† a creative obstruction that hinders students’ work and affects their grades, it can be frustrating. Students with approaching deadlines may feel increased anxiety as expectations and pressure gradually build. Here are common causes of writer’s block, and some suggestions to overcome it: You are tired. Both mind and body need adequate rest to function normally. When you are sleep deprived you are less likely to be in a clear state of mind, making it harder to turn your thoughts into words. You are anxious. Anxiety can be manifested by anything that is currently bothering you and causing a feeling of unease. Whether it’s the date of submission or the task of reciting an essay in front of the class, anxiety can be a distracting factor that can affect your state of mind as you try to work. You are distracted. Notifications from phone apps, social media, news, and favourite TV shows may prevent you from working. You feel pressure. Both external (deadlines, expectations, and requirements) and internal pressures (mental stress and problems with concentration) may be a factor in how you handle expectations. You doubt yourself. You may start to beat yourself up before you begin working by deciding your work isn’t good enough or that you aren’t knowledgeable about a certain topic. Excessive self-doubt can impact creativity, hindering both your potential and self-esteem. Although psychological in nature, many of these factors can also impact us physically. Mental stress can affect physical health through symptoms like headaches, sleeping problems, and fatigue. How we manage thoughts and worries can either add stress or reduce it. To overcome writer’s block, address these common factors and deal with them directly. Some solutions include: Get some rest. If you’re tired, take a short nap. People who are well-rested are energized to start working. Express what’s bothering you. Write a list of reasons you are anxious. This helps organize thoughts and clear your mind of anxiety. If you struggle with oral presentations, try practicing your speech with a friend. Stop the distractions. Mute your phone and turn off all notifications better yet, power down the phone altogether . Find a place with minimal distractions that is conducive to working, like the public library or a quiet cafe. Clear your head. Take some time from your desk and the computer by going for a walk. Blow off some steam by talking to a close friend or family member. Practice. No essay is perfect on the first draft. Even the work of professional writers requires substantial editing and proofreading. Let go of your need for perfection and work on being comfortable writing at your own pace and learning from mistakes. Many students who are writing essays can feel overwhelming amounts of pressure which can affect their creative process. Eventually, pressures can add up and cause writer’s block. Meet the common causes head on and deal with them as soon as possible. It may take time to address personal issues while dealing with academic responsibilities. To help ease pressure and save time, in Toronto and throughout Canada offers well-written academic essays and other term papers to help meet your deadlines. Our team of professional writers will help your paper make the grade.

Strategic Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Strategic Management - Assignment Example Every component of the strategy works together for the development of the organization. In the business scenario, the management formulates the overall strategy, which is to be followed by the smaller units like the different departments of the organization. Evaluating the market and the aspects of the company arrives at the choice of the strategy. There are different tools in assessing the market conditions and the features of the company like the SWOT analysis, PEST analysis, Five Forces, STP etc. These evaluation techniques give a detailed picture of the market conditions and the features of the company. This helps in the formation of the strategy by the management. The main aim of the company is to increase the sales of the company and the strategies underline this notion. After the evaluation of the features of the market and the company, the management selects a strategy that will pertain to the development of the company. (Strategy, n.d.; What is strategy, n.d.; Applied Strate gic Technologies, n.d.; Jenkins, Ambrosini and Collier: 2-4) In this paper, two companies have been taken through which a detailed analysis will be undertaken in the case of the strategic management. The companies in question will be Pepsi and Coca Cola. Pepsi and Coca Cola share a traditional rivalry in the soft drinks market and are the two biggest players in the market. The development of the companies has been possible because of the visions of the management in setting up of the strategies of the companies. Strategy is perhaps the most important functions of the management. The performance of the companies depends on the strategies undertaken by the management to a major extent. As the importance of strategy has been underlined so far, a question rises – What is strategy? Strategy can be comprehensively defined as follows: "Strategy is the direction and scope of an organisation over the long-term: which